| 3096 | Kominoski, J.S., C.M. Pringle, and B.A. Ball | 2008 | Invasive woolly adelgid appears to drive seasonal hemlock and carcass inputs to a detritus-based stream. | Kominoski, J.S., C.M. Pringle, and B.A. Ball. 2008. Invasive woolly adelgid appears to drive seasonal hemlock and carcass inputs to a detritus-based stream. Verhandlungen Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie 30(1):109-112. | Journal Article | Here we presented data from a 2-year litter trap study, conducted during the early stages of woolly adelgid infestation and hemlock decline. We assess the contribution of eastern hemlock to direct litterfall and lateral inputs to streams as well as entrainment of woolly adelgid carcasses by leaf packs in a second-order reach of Ball Creek, a headwater stream located at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory (Coweeta), Macon County, North Carolina, U.S. (35°00’N; 83°30’W).
| 3097 | Ball, B. A., M. D. Hunter, J. S. Kominoski, C. M. Swan, and M. A. Bradford | 2008 | Consequences of non-random species loss on decomposition dynamics: Evidence for additive and non-additive effects. | Ball, B. A., M. D. Hunter, J. S. Kominoski, C. M. Swan, and M. A. Bradford. 2008. Consequences of non-random species loss on decomposition dynamics: Evidence for additive and non-additive effects. Journal of Ecology 96:303-313. | Journal Article | To examine potential impacts of non-random species loss on ecosystems, we studied additive and non-additive effects of litter mixing on decomposition. A full-factorial litterbag experiment was conducted using four deciduous leaf species, from which mass loss and nitrogen content were measured. Data were analysed using a statistical approach that first looks for additive identity effects based on the presence or absence of species and then significant species interactions occurring beyond those. It partitions non-additive effects into those caused by richness and/or composition.
| 4001 | Zeppel, M., C.M.O. Macinnis-Ng, Ford, C.R., and Emaus, D | 2008 | The response of sap flow to pulses of rain in a temperate Australian woodland. | Zeppel, M., C.M.O. Macinnis-Ng, Ford, C.R., and Emaus, D. 2008. The response of sap flow to pulses of rain in a temperate Australian woodland. Plant Soil. 305: 121-130. | Journal Article | In water-limited systems, pulses of rainfall can trigger a cascade of plant physiological responses. However, the timing and size of the physiological response can vary depending on plant and environmental characteristics, such as rooting depth, plant size, rainfall amount, or antecedent soil moisture. We investigate the influence of pulses of rainfall on the response of sap flow of two dominant evergreen tree species, Eucalyptus crebra (a broadleaf) and Callitris glaucophylla (a needle leaved tree), in a remnant open woodland in eastern Australia. Sap flow data were collected using heat-pulse sensors installed in six trees of each species over a 2 year period which encompassed the tail-end of a widespread drought. Our objectives were to estimate the magnitude that a rainfall pulse had to exceed to increase tree water use (i.e. define the threshold response), and to determine how tree and environmental factors influenced the increase in tree water use following a rainfall pulse.
| 3023 | Ford, C.R., N. Wurzburger, R.L. Hendrick, and R.O. Teskey | 2007 | Soil DIC uptake and fixation in Pinus taeda seedlings and its C contribution to plant tissue and ectomycorrhizal fungi. | Ford, C.R., N. Wurzburger, R.L. Hendrick, and R.O. Teskey. 2007. Soil DIC uptake and fixation in Pinus taeda seedlings and its C contribution to plant tissue and ectomycorrhizal fungi. Tree Physiology. 27: 375-383. | Journal Article | We tested the ability of Pinus taeda L. seedlings exposed to 13C-labeled soil DIC and two NH+4 availability regimes to take up and fix soil DIC. We also measured the concentration and distribution of the fixed soil DIC within the plant and mycrorrhizal tissues, and quantified the contribution of soil DIC to whole-plant carbon (C) gain.
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| 3029 | Diez, J.M. | 2007 | Hierarchical patterns of symbiotic orchid germination linked to adult proximity and environmental gradients. | Diez, J.M. 2007. Hierarchical patterns of symbiotic orchid germination linked to adult proximity and environmental gradients. Journal of Ecology. 95: 159-170. | Journal Article | In this study, seed introduction experiments were used to test for relationships between symbiotic germination success of an orchid, Goodyera pubescens, and both proximity to adult orchids and soil abiotic conditions. Experiments were linked to ongoing demographic monitoring across a large environmental gradient to place patterns of germination better in the context of longer-term demographic patterns.
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| 3030 | McMahon, S.M., and J.M. Diez | 2007 | Scales of association: hierarchical linear models and the measurement of ecological systems. | McMahon, S.M., and J.M. Diez. 2007. Scales of association: hierarchical linear models and the measurement of ecological systems. Ecology Letters. 10: 1-16. | Journal Article | In this paper we argue that the use of the hierarchical linear model (HLM) framework can enable significantly improved inference about ecological processes across levels of organization. After briefly describing the principals behind HLM, we give two examples that demonstrate a protocol for building hierarchical models and answering questions about the relationships between variables at multiple scales.
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| 3020 | Vose, J.M., and P.V. Bolstad | 2007 | Biotic and abiotic factors regulating forest floor CO2 flux across a range of forest age classes in the southern Appalachians. | Vose, J.M., and P.V. Bolstad. 2007. Biotic and abiotic factors regulating forest floor CO2 flux across a range of forest age classes in the southern Appalachians. Pedobiologia. 50: 577-587. | Journal Article | We measured forest floor CO2 flux in three age classes of forest in the southern Appalachians: 20-year old, 85-year old, and old-growth. Our objectives were to quantify differences in forest floor CO2 flux among age classes, and determine the relative importance of abiotic and biotic driving variables.
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| 3031 | Zamor, R.M., and G.D. Grossman | 2007 | Turbidity affects foraging success of drift-feeding rosyside dace. | Zamor, R.M., and G.D. Grossman. 2007. Turbidity affects foraging success of drift-feeding rosyside dace. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 136: 167-176. | Proceedings | We examined the effects of suspended sediment (i.e. turbidity) on reactive distance and prey capture success at spring-autumn (12+C) and summer (18+C) temperatures for rosyside dace Clinostomus funduloides in an artificial streamWe examined the effects of suspended sediment (i.e. turbidity) on reactive distance and prey capture success at spring-autumn (12+C) and summer (18+C) temperatures for rosyside dace Clinostomus funduloides in an artificial stream.
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| 3035 | Love, J.P., J.M. Vose, and K.J. Elliott | 2007 | Effects of restoration burns on macroinvertebrates in southern Appalachian pine-oak forests. | Love, J.P., J.M. Vose, and K.J. Elliott. 2007. Effects of restoration burns on macroinvertebrates in southern Appalachian pine-oak forests. Journal of the North Carolina Academy of Science. 123(1): 22-34. | Journal Article | Cover board arrays were used to measure the relative abundance of macroinvertebrates and terrestrial salamanders on prescribed burn and control sites in xeric southern Appalachians of northern Georgia and southeastern Tennessee pine-oak forests.
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| 3037 | Burcher, C.L., H.M. Valett, and E.F. Benfield | 2007 | The land-cover cascade: Relationships coupling land and water. | Burcher, C.L., H.M. Valett, and E.F. Benfield. 2007. The land-cover cascade: Relationships coupling land and water. Ecology. 88(1): 228-242. | Journal Article | We introduce the land-cover cascade (LCC) as a conceptual framework to quantify the transfer of land-cover-disturbance effects to stream biota. We hypothesize that disturbance is propagated through multivariate systems through key variables that transform a disturbance and pass a reorganized disturbance effect to the next hierarchical level where the process repeats until ultimately affecting biota.
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| 3038 | Kominoski, J.S., C.M. Pringle, B.A. Ball, M.A. Bradford, D.C. Coleman, D.B. Hall, and M.D. Hunter | 2007 | Nonadditive effects of leaf litter species diversity on breakdown dynamics in a detritus-based stream. | Kominoski, J.S., C.M. Pringle, B.A. Ball, M.A. Bradford, D.C. Coleman, D.B. Hall, and M.D. Hunter. 2007. Nonadditive effects of leaf litter species diversity on breakdown dynamics in a detritus-based stream. Ecology. 88(5): 1167-1176. | Journal Article | Since species loss in predicted to be nonrandom, it is important to understand the manner in which those species that we anticipate losing interact with other species to affect ecosystem function. We tested whether litter species diversity, measured as richness and composition, affects breakdown dynamics in a detritus-based stream.
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| 3040 | Beckage, B., L. Joseph, P. Belisle, D.B. Wolfson, and W.J. Platt | 2007 | Bayesian change-point analyses in ecology. | Beckage, B., L. Joseph, P. Belisle, D.B. Wolfson, and W.J. Platt. 2007. Bayesian change-point analyses in ecology. New Phytologist. 174: 456-467. | Journal Article | The Bayesian change-point models that we present estimate both threshold locations and the slope or level of ecological quantities of interest, while incorporating uncertainty in the change-point location into these estimates. This class of models is suitable for problems with multiple thresholds and can account for spatial or temporal autocorrelation.
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| 3041 | Entrekin, S.A., J.B. Wallace, and S.L. Eggert | 2007 | The response of Chironomidae (Diptera) to a long-term exclusion of terrestrial organic matter. | Entrekin, S.A., J.B. Wallace, and S.L. Eggert. 2007. The response of Chironomidae (Diptera) to a long-term exclusion of terrestrial organic matter. Hydrobiologia. 575: 401-413. | Journal Article | We examined the effects of a seven-year detrital exclusion on chironomid assemblages in an Appalachian headwater stream. We hypothesized that litter exclusion would lead to a reduction in all chironomids at both the subfamily and generic levels because organic matter serves as both food and habitat in these headwater streams.
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| 3042 | Romaniszyn, E.D., J.J. Hutchens Jr., and J.B. Wallace | 2007 | Aquatic and terrestrial invertebrate drift in southern Appalachian mountain streams: implications for trout food resources. | Romaniszyn, E.D., J.J. Hutchens Jr., and J.B. Wallace. 2007. Aquatic and terrestrial invertebrate drift in southern Appalachian mountain streams: implications for trout food resources. Freshwater Biology. 52: 1-11. | Journal Article | We characterised aquatic and terrestrial invertebrate drift in six south-western North Carolina streams and their implications for trout production.
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| 3043 | Wurzburger, N., and R.L. Hendrick | 2007 | Rhododendron thickets alter N cycling and soil extracellular enzyme activities in southern Appalachian hardwood forests. | Wurzburger, N., and R.L. Hendrick. 2007. Rhododendron thickets alter N cycling and soil extracellular enzyme activities in southern Appalachian hardwood forests. Pedobiologia. 50: 563-576. | Journal Article | Rhododendron maximum L., a spreading understory shrub, inhibits overstory regeneration and alters forest community structure in southern Appalachian hardwood forests. Using paired plots and reciprocal litter transplants in forests with and without R. maximum cover, we examined the influence of R. maximum on litter mass and quality, N cycling and soil extracellular enzymes.
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| 3044 | Ford, C.R., and J.M. Vose | 2007 | Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr. mortality will impact hydrologic processes in southern Appalachian forest ecosystems. | Ford, C.R., and J.M. Vose. 2007. Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr. mortality will impact hydrologic processes in southern Appalachian forest ecosystems. Ecological Applications. 17(4): 1156-1167. | Journal Article | Eastern hemlock in the southern Appalachians has two distinct ecohydrological roles: an evergreen tree that maintains year-round transpiration rates and a riparian tree that has high transpiration rates in the spring. No other native evergreen in the southern Appalachians will likely fill the ecohydrological role of eastern hemlock if widespread mortality occurs. With the loss of this species, we predict persistent increases in discharge, decreases in the diurnal amplitude of streamflow, and increases in the width of the variable source area.
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| 3045 | Latham, R.S., R.M. Wooten, A.C. Witt, S.J. Fuemmeler, K.A. Gillon, T.J. Douglas, J.B. Bauer, and B.D. Clinton | 2007 | Big slow movers: a look at weathered-rock slides in western North Carolina. | Latham, R.S., R.M. Wooten, A.C. Witt, S.J. Fuemmeler, K.A. Gillon, T.J. Douglas, J.B. Bauer, and B.D. Clinton. 2007. Big slow movers: a look at weathered-rock slides in western North Carolina, pp. 545-557. In Proceedings, 1st North American Landslide Conference, 3-8 June 2007, Vail, CO. AEG Special Publication No. 23. | Proceedings | The North Carolina Geological Survey (NCGS) is currently implementing a landslide hazard-mapping program in western North Carolina authorized by the North Carolina Hurricane Recovery Act of 2005. To date, over 2700 landslides and landslide deposits have been documented. A small number of these landslides are relatively large, slow-moving, weathered-rock slides, termed (big, slow movers (BSMs). Three examples of BSMs are described in this paper.
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| 3046 | Clinton, B.D., and J.M. Vose | 2007 | Fuels consumption and nitrogen loss following prescribed fire: a comparison of prescription types in the southern Appalachians. | Clinton, B.D., and J.M. Vose. 2007. Fuels consumption and nitrogen loss following prescribed fire: a comparison of prescription types in the southern Appalachians, pp. 231-240. In Buckley, D.S., and W.K. Clatterbuck (eds.), Proceedings 15th Central Hardwood Forest Conference, 27 February - 1 March 2006, Knoxville, TN. General Technical Report SRS-101. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Asheville, NC. | Proceedings | Prescribed burning is frequently used as a tool for restoration of plant communities, wildlife habitat improvement, and site preparation. We compared and contrasted the effects of four burning prescriptions on forest floor and fine fuels consumption, and nitrogenloss.
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| 3049 | Kloeppel, B.D., M.E. Harmon, and T.J. Fahey | 2007 | Estimating aboveground net primary productivity in forest-dominated ecosystems. | Kloeppel, B.D., M.E. Harmon, and T.J. Fahey. 2007. Estimating aboveground net primary productivity in forest-dominated ecosystems, pp.63-81. In Fahey, T.J., and A.K. Knapp (eds.), Principles and Standards for Measuring Primary Production. Oxford University Press, New York, NY. | Book Chapter | The measurement of net primary productivity (NPP) in forest ecosystems presents a variety of challenges because of the large and complex dimensions of trees and the difficulties of quantifying several components of NPP.The objective of this chapter is to contribute to correction of these limitations in forest NPP measurement.
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| 3050 | Pavao-Zuckerman, M.A., and D.C. Coleman | 2007 | Urbanization alters the functional composition, but not taxonomic diversity, of the soil nematode community. | Pavao-Zuckerman, M.A., and D.C. Coleman. 2007. Urbanization alters the functional composition, but not taxonomic diversity, of the soil nematode community. Applied Soil Ecology. 35(2007): 329-339. | Journal Article | We evaluated the response of riparian forest soil nematode community structure to the physico-chemical environment associated with urban land use. Soils were sampled seasonally between December 2000 and October 2002 along an urban+rural transect in Asheville, North Carolina.We characterized the taxonomic (to genus) and functional composition (trophic groups) of the nematode community of forest soils, as well as several nematode ecological indicators (maturity index, channel index, weighted faunal index).
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| 3051 | Webster, J.R. | 2007 | Spiraling down the river continuum: stream ecology and the U-shaped curve. | Webster, J.R. 2007. Spiraling down the river continuum: stream ecology and the U-shaped curve. Journal of the North American Benthological Society. 26(3): 375-389. | Journal Article | The spiraling concept provides an explicit approach to modeling thelongitudinal linkages within a river continuum. I developed a spiraling-based model for particulate organic C dynamics in the Little Tennessee River to synthesize existing data and to illustrate our current understanding of ecosystem processes in river ecosystems.
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| 3054 | Oleksyn, J., B.D. Kloeppel, S. Lukasiewicz, P. Karolewski, and P.B. Reich | 2007 | Ecophysiology of horse chestnut (Aseculus Hippocastanum L.) in degraded and restored urban sites. | Oleksyn, J., B.D. Kloeppel, S. Lukasiewicz, P. Karolewski, and P.B. Reich. 2007. Ecophysiology of horse chestnut (Aseculus Hippocastanum L.) in degraded and restored urban sites. Polish Journal of Ecology. 55(2): 245-260. | Journal Article | We explored changes in growth, phenology, net CO2 assimilation rate, water use efficiency, secondary defense compounds, substrate and foliage nutrient concentration of a degraded urban horse chestnut (Aseculus hippocastanum L.) site restored for three years using mulching (tree branches including foliage) and fertilization (primarily nitrogen addition).
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| 3060 | Meyer, J.L., D.L. Strayer, J.B. Wallace, S.L. Eggert, G.S. Helfman, and N.E. Leonard | 2007 | The Contribution of Headwater Streams to Biodiversity in River Networks. | Meyer, J.L., D.L. Strayer, J.B. Wallace, S.L. Eggert, G.S. Helfman, and N.E. Leonard. 2007. The Contribution of Headwater Streams to Biodiversity in River Networks. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA). 43(1): 86-103. | Journal Article | The diversity of life in headwater streams (intermittent, first and second order) contributes to the biodiversity of a river system and its riparian network. Small streams differ widely in physical, chemical, and biotic attributes, thus providing habitats for a range of unique species. Headwater species include permanent residents as well as migrants that travel to headwaters at particular seasons or life stages. Movement by migrants links headwaters with downstream and terrestrial ecosystems, as do exports such as emerging and drifting insects. We review the diversity of taxa dependent on headwaters.
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| 3061 | McTammany, M.E., E.F. Benfield, and J.R. Webster | 2007 | Recovery of stream ecosystem metabolism from historical agriculture. | McTammany, M.E., E.F. Benfield, and J.R. Webster. 2007. Recovery of stream ecosystem metabolism from historical agriculture. Journal of the North American Benthological Society. 26(3): 532-545. | Journal Article | Agriculture has influenced southern Appalachian streams for centuries, but recent socioeconomic trends in the region have led to extensive reforestation of agricultural land. Stream ecosystem metabolism might recover from agricultural influence as watersheds undergo reforestation, particularly when shade from terrestrial vegetation is restored. We determined historical (1950) and current (1993) forest cover in 2nd- and 3rd-order watersheds in 4 counties of the southern Appalachians using a geographic information system.
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| 3062 | Ford, C.R., R.M. Hubbard, B.D. Kloeppel, and J.M. Vose | 2007 | A comparison of sap flux-based evapotranspiration estimates with catchment-scale water balance. | Ford, C.R., R.M. Hubbard, B.D. Kloeppel, and J.M. Vose. 2007. A comparison of sap flux-based evapotranspiration estimates with catchment-scale water balance. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 145: 176-185. | Journal Article | Many researchers are using sap flux to estimate tree-level transpiration, and to scale to stand- and catchment-level transpiration; yet studies evaluating the comparability of sap flux-based estimates of transpiration (Et) with alternative methods for estimating Et at this spatial scale are rare. Our ability to accurately scale from the probe to the tree to the watershed has not yet been demonstrated, nor do we know the relative impact of the main sources of variability on our scaled estimates. Accounting for the variability in the radial distribution of sap flux within the sapwood, the variability of transpiration among trees and between plots within the catchment, and the variability in stand density, sapwood area, and leaf area are critical for making landscape inferences about transpiration.
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| 3063 | Latham, R., R. Wooten, A. Witt, K. Gillon, T. Douglas, S. Fuemmeler, J. Bauer, and S. Brame | 2007 | Investigation of the Peeks Creek Debris flow of September 2004 and its relationship to landslide hazard mapping in Macon County, North Carolina. | Latham, R., R. Wooten, A. Witt, K. Gillon, T. Douglas, S. Fuemmeler, J. Bauer, and S. Brame. 2007. Investigation of the Peeks Creek Debris flow of September 2004 and its relationship to landslide hazard mapping in Macon County, North Carolina. Southeastern Friends of the Pleistocene, Williamsburg, VA. | Book | The North Carolina Geological Survey (NCGS) is investigating the causes and effects of the Peeks Creek debris flow (Latham, Wooten, and Reid, 2005). Along with this study, countywide, landslide hazards maps have beenáproduced with funding allocated through the Hurricane Recovery Act of 2005. This map series includes maps that show where landslides have happened in the past , where shallow, translational failure are likely to initiate in the future, and downslope locations that could be affected by these failures.
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| 3065 | Whitaker, D.M., D.F. Stauffer, G.W. Norman, P.K. Devers, J. Edwards, W.M. Giuliano, C. Harper, W. Igo, J. Sole, H. Spiker, and B. Tefft | 2007 | Factors associated with variation in home-range size of Appalachian Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa Umbellus). | Whitaker, D.M., D.F. Stauffer, G.W. Norman, P.K. Devers, J. Edwards, W.M. Giuliano, C. Harper, W. Igo, J. Sole, H. Spiker, and B. Tefft. 2007. Factors associated with variation in home-range size of Appalachian Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa Umbellus). The Auk. 124(4): ART-XXX. | Journal Article | From 1996 to 2001, researchers at 10 Appalachian study sites collected radiotracking data sufficient to delineate 1,054 seasonal home ranges of Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus; hereafter "grouse").
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| 3066 | Devers, P.K., D.F. Stauffer, G.W. Norman, D.E. Steffen, D.M. Whitaker, J.D. Sole, T.J. Allen, S.L. Bittner, D.A. Buehler, J.W. Edwards, D.E. Figert, S.T. Friedhoff, W.W. Giuliano, C.A. Harper, W.K. Igo, R.L. Kirkpatrick, M.H. Seamster, H.A. Spiker Jr., D. | 2007 | Ruffed Grouse population ecology in the Appalachian region. | Devers, P.K., D.F. Stauffer, G.W. Norman, D.E. Steffen, D.M. Whitaker, J.D. Sole, T.J. Allen, S.L. Bittner, D.A. Buehler, J.W. Edwards, D.E. Figert, S.T. Friedhoff, W.W. Giuliano, C.A. Harper, W.K. Igo, R.L. Kirkpatrick, M.H. Seamster, H.A. Spiker Jr., D.A. Swanson, and B.C. Tefft. 2007. Ruffed Grouse population ecology in the Appalachian region. Wildlife Monographs. 168: 1-36. | Journal Article | The Appalachian Cooperative Grouse Research Project (ACGRP) was a multistate cooperative effort initiated in 1996 to investigate the apparent decline of ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) and improve management throughout the central and southern Appalachian region (i.e., parts of Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Kentucky, West Virginia, Virginia, and North Carolina, USA). Researchers have offered several hypotheses to explain the low abundance of ruffed grouse in the region, including low availability of early-successional forests due to changes in land use, additive harvest mortality, low productivity and recruitment, and nutritional stress. As part of the ACGRP, we investigated ruffed grouse population ecology. Our objectives were to estimate reproductive rates, estimate survival and cause-specific mortality rates, examine if ruffed grouse harvest in the Appalachian region is compensatory, and estimate ruffed grouse finite population growth.
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| 3067 | Ford, C.R., J.M. Vose, M. Daley, and N. Phillips | 2007 | Use of water by eastern hemlock: implications for systemic insecticide application. | Ford, C.R., J.M. Vose, M. Daley, and N. Phillips. 2007. Use of water by eastern hemlock: implications for systemic insecticide application. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry. 33(6): 421-427. | Journal Article | The hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA; Adelges tsugae Annand) is causing widespread decline and mortality of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.) throughout most of the range of eastern hemlock. Stem injection of insecticide is widely used as a chemical control measure, but the effectiveness of this method depends on the hydraulic characteristics of individual trees. We present data quantifying the distribution of water flux within the stems and the seasonal variability of daily water use of eastern hemlock trees growing in New England, U.S. and the southern Appalachians.
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| 3068 | Clark, J.S., M. Dietze, S. Chakraborty, P.K. Agarwal, I. Ibanez, S. LaDeau, and M. Wolosin | 2007 | Resolving the biodiversity paradox. | Clark, J.S., M. Dietze, S. Chakraborty, P.K. Agarwal, I. Ibanez, S. LaDeau, and M. Wolosin. 2007. Resolving the biodiversity paradox. Ecology. 10: 647-662. | Journal Article | We demonstrate that neither traditional low-dimensional tradeoffs nor neutrality can resolve the biodiversity paradox, in part by showing that they do not properly interpret stochasticity in statistical and in theoretical models.
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| 3069 | Cross, W.F., J.B. Wallace, and A.D. Rosemond | 2007 | Nutrient enrichment reduces constraints on material flows in a detrius-based food web. | Cross, W.F., J.B. Wallace, and A.D. Rosemond. 2007. Nutrient enrichment reduces constraints on material flows in a detrius-based food web. Ecology. 88(10): 2563-2575. | Journal Article | We examined effects of a whole-system experimental nutrient enrichment on the trophic basis of production and the magnitude and pathways of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) flows in a detritus-based stream food web.
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| 3071 | Rincon, P.A., M. Bastir, G.D. Grossman | 2007 | Form and performance: body shape and prey-capture success in four drift-feeding minnows. | Rincon, P.A., M. Bastir, G.D. Grossman. 2007. Form and performance: body shape and prey-capture success in four drift-feeding minnows. Oecologia. 152: 345-355. | Journal Article | Our findings demonstrate a strong connection between organismal shape and performance and provide empirical evidence of the cost of morphological specialization for fishes in the drift-feeding functional guild.
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| 3072 | Jones, B., G.D. Grossman, D.C.I. Walsh, B.A. Porter, J.C. Avise, and A.C. Fiumera | 2007 | Estimating differential reproductive success from nests of related individuals, with application to a study of the Mottled Sculpin, Cottus bairdi. | Jones, B., G.D. Grossman, D.C.I. Walsh, B.A. Porter, J.C. Avise, and A.C. Fiumera. 2007. Estimating differential reproductive success from nests of related individuals, with application to a study of the Mottled Sculpin, Cottus bairdi. Genetics. 176: 2427-2439. | Journal Article | We demonstrate that older adults are more likely to contribute to a nest and that females in the older age groups contribute more eggs to a nest than younger individuals.
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| 3073 | Hawman, R. B. | 2007 | Crustal thickness variations across the Blue Ridge Mountains, southern Appalachians: An alternative procedure for migrating wide-angle reflection data. | Hawman, R. B. 2007. Crustal thickness variations across the Blue Ridge Mountains, southern Appalachians: An alternative procedure for migrating wide-angle reflection data. In Press. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. | Journal Article | Migration of wide-angle reflections generated by quarry blasts suggests that crustal thickness increases from 38 km beneath the Carolina Terrane to 47-51 km along the southeastern flank of the Blue Ridge. The migration algorithm, developed for generating single-fold images from explosions and earthquakes recorded with isolated, short-aperture arrays, uses the localized slant stack as an intermediate data set.
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| 3075 | Diez, J.M., and H.R. Pulliam | 2007 | Hierarchical analysis of species distributions and abundance across environmental gradients. | Diez, J.M., and H.R. Pulliam. 2007. Hierarchical analysis of species distributions and abundance across environmental gradients. Ecology 88(12): 3144-3152. | Journal Article | Here, we demonstrate the utility of a hierarchical modeling framework for testing hypotheses about the importance of abiotic factors at different spatial scales and local spatial autocorrelation for shaping species distributions and abundances. The hierarchical modeling framework is shown to have great potential for elucidating ecological relationships involving abiotic and biotic processes simultaneously at multiple scales.
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| 3076 | Clark, J.S., M. Wolosin, M. Dietze, I. Ibanez, S. LaDeau, M. Welsh, and B. Kloeppel | 2007 | Tree growth inference and prediction from diameter censuses and ring widths. | Clark, J.S., M. Wolosin, M. Dietze, I. Ibanez, S. LaDeau, M. Welsh, and B. Kloeppel. 2007. Tree growth inference and prediction from diameter censuses and ring widths. Ecological Applications 17(7): 1942-1953. | Journal Article | Estimation of tree growth is based on sparse observations of tree diameter, ring widths, or increments read from a dendrometer. From annual measurements on a few trees (e.g., increment cores) or sporadic measurements from many trees (e.g., diameter censuses on mapped plots), relationships with resources, tree size, and climate are extrapolated to whole stands.
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| 3086 | Knoepp, J.D., and J.M. Vose | 2007 | Regulation of nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in Southern Appalachian ecosystems:separating the relative importance of biotic vs. abiotic controls. | Knoepp, J.D., and J.M. Vose. 2007. Regulation of nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in Southern Appalachian ecosystems:separating the relative importance of biotic vs. abiotic controls. Pedobiologia. 51: 89-97. | Journal Article | Long-term measurements of soil nitrogen (N) transformations along an environmental gradient within the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory basin in western North Carolina showed a strong seasonal pattern and suggested that vegetation community type-through its influence on soil properties-was an important regulating factors. Our objective was to determine the relative effects of biotic vs. abiotic factors on soil N transformations. During the 1999 and 2000 growing season, we transplanted soil cores from each of the five gradient plots to all other gradient plots for their 28-day in situ incubation.
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| 3095 | Martin, A., and S. Skolochenko | 2007 | Effects of eastern hemlock on forest microclimate and species composition. | Martin, A., and S. Skolochenko, 2007. Effects of eastern hemlock on forest microclimate and species composition. In Institute for the Environment Highlands Field Site 2007 Internship Research Reports. Highlands, NC. Highlands Biological Station,. pp.70-88. | USDA FS Publication | Extirpation of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) throughout its natural range is occurring due to attack from the exotic hemlock woolly adelgi (Adelges tsugae Annand). Death of the eastern hemlock, a foundation species, will affect many ecosystem characteristics. Both aboveground and belowground processes will be altered, likely resulting in microclimatic changes in temperature, moisture, and solar radiation. However, the empty niche created by its death will provide opportunities for other species. This study investigates the changes in these microclimatic and species compositional factors due to hemlock mortality in the southern Appalachians through the use of experimental plots that simulate current and future hemlock conditions, from the onset of infestation to complete hemlock absence.
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| 10267 | Morkenski, Kate. - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University | 2007 | In-stream hemlock twig breakdown and effects of reach-scale twig additions on Appalachian headwater streams. | Morkenski, K. 2007. In-stream hemlock twig breakdown and effects of reach-scale twig additions on Appalachian headwater streams. [thesis] Blacksburg (VA): Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. | Graduate Publication
(Master's Thesis) | Not available from originating institution in digital format.
| 10268 | Ball, Becky A. - University of Georgia | 2007 | Disentangling effects of litter diversity: non-random species loss, cross-system linkages, and ecosystem function. | Ball, B.A. 2007. Disentangling effects of litter diversity: non-random species loss, cross-system linkages, and ecosystem function. [dissertation] Athens (GA): University of Georgia. | Graduate Publication
(Dissertation) | Litter decomposition is a fundamental process about which a great deal is known, but most knowledge comes from studies of single-species decay. Litter-mixing studies have tested whether monoculture data can be applied to mixed-litter systems and have mainly attempted to detect non-additive effects of litter mixing, which addresses consequences of random species loss.
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| 10270 | Albright, Thomas Pravia - University of Wisconsin-Madison | 2007 | Invasive plant disturbances: lessons from native and exotic ranges. | Albright, T.P. 2007. Invasive plant distributions: lessons from native and exotic ranges. [dissertation] Madison (WI): University of Wisconsin-Madison. | Graduate Publication
(Dissertation) | Not available from originating institution in digital format.
| 10272 | Nuckolls, A.E. | 2007 | The effects of hemlock woolly adelgid ( Adelges Tsugae) damage on short-term carbon cycling in southern Appalachian eastern hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis) stands. | Nuckolls, A.E. 2007. The effects of hemlock woolly adelgid ( Adelges Tsugae) damage on short-term carbon cycling in southern Appalachian eastern hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis) stands. University of Georgia, Athens, GA. | Graduate Publication
(Thesis) | Not available from originating institution in digital format.
| 2285 | Gragson, Ted L., and M. Grove | 2006 | Social science in the context of the long term ecological research program. | Gragson, Ted L., and M. Grove. 2006. Social science in the context of the long term ecological research program. Society and Natural Resources. 19: 93-100. | Journal Article | The objective of this special issue is to extend a call to social scientists of all kinds to engage with the LTER program in long-term research and synthesis to help answer the urgent and intriguing questions of our day.
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| 2288 | Fraterrigo, J.M., T.C. Balser, and M.G. Turner | 2006 | Microbial community variation and its relationship with nitrogen mineralization in historically altered forests. | Fraterrigo, J.M., T.C. Balser, and M.G. Turner. 2006. Microbial community variation and its relationship with nitrogen mineralization in historically altered forests. Ecology. 87(3): 570-579. | Journal Article | We examined whether historical land use affected soil microbial community composition (lipid profiles) and whether community composition was related to potential net nitrogen (N) mineralization rates in southern Appalachian (USA) forest stands abandoned from agriculture or logging and reforested > 50 yr ago.
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| 2289 | Addington, R.N., L.A. Donovan, R.J. Mitchell, J.M. Vose, S.D. Pecot, S.B. Jack, U.G. Hacke, J.S. Sperry, and R. Oren | 2006 | Adjustments in hydraulic architecture of Pinus palustris maintain similar stomatal conductance in xeric and mesic habitats. | Addington, R.N., L.A. Donovan, R.J. Mitchell, J.M. Vose, S.D. Pecot, S.B. Jack, U.G. Hacke, J.S. Sperry, and R. Oren. 2006. Adjustments in hydraulic architecture of Pinus palustris maintain similar stomatal conductance in xeric and mesic habitats. Plant, Cell and Environment. 29: 535-545. | Journal Article | We investigated relationships between whole-tree hydraulic architecture and stomatal conductance in Pinus palustris Mill. (longleaf pine) across habitats that differed in soil properties and habitat structure.
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| 2290 | Fraterrigo, J.M., M.G. Turner, and S.M. Pearson | 2006 | Previous land use alters plant allocation and growth in forest herbs. | Fraterrigo, J.M., M.G. Turner, and S.M. Pearson. 2006. Previous land use alters plant allocation and growth in forest herbs. Journal of Ecology. 94: 548-557. | Journal Article | We examined patterns of biomass allocation and growth of 12 herbaceous plant species in southern Appalachian forest stands that have developed after agricultural abandonment or logging at least 55 years ago, to determine whether plant performance varied with land-use history.
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| 2291 | Giladi, I. | 2006 | Choosing benefits or partners: a review of the evidence for the evolution of myroecochory. | Giladi, I. 2006. Choosing benefits or partners: a review of the evidence for the evolution of myroecochory. Oikos. 112: 481-492. | Journal Article | Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the selective advantage for plants resulting from myrmecochory, including directed dispersal, dispersal for distance and escape from seed predators. I contrast the evidence available in the literature for these hypotheses and distinguish the studies on the basis of ecosystem and plant growth forms.
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| 3024 | Sun, G., G. Zhou, Z. Zhang, X. Wei, S.G. McNulty, and J.M. Vose | 2006 | Potential water yield reduction due to forestation across China. | Sun, G., G. Zhou, Z. Zhang, X. Wei, S.G. McNulty, and J.M. Vose. 2006. Potential water yield reduction due to forestation across China. Journal of Hydrology. 328: 548-558. | Journal Article | The hydrologic consequences of forestation on degraded lands are not well studied in the forest hydrology community as a whole. China has the largest area of forest plantations in the world now, and the hydrologic consequences of massive forestation are unknown. We applied a simplified hydrological model across the diverse physiographic region to estimate the potential magnitude of annual water yield response to forestation.
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| 10236 | Dietze, Michael Christopher - Duke University | 2006 | Regeneration dynamics in large forest gaps | Dietz, M.C. 2006. Regeneration dynamics in large forest gaps. [dissertation] Durham (NC): Duke University | Graduate Publication
(Dissertation) | Not available from originating institution in digital format.
| 10237 | Butler, Sarah Marie - University of Maine | 2006 | Forest disturbance history and stand dynamics of the Coweeta basin, western North Carolina | Butler, S.M. 2006. Forest disturbance history and stand dynamics of the Coweeta basin, western North Carolina. [thesis] Orono (ME): University of Maine. | Graduate Publication
(Master's Thesis) | Not available from originating institution in digital format.
| 2281 | Clinton, B.D., and J.M. Vose | 2006 | Variation in stream water quality in an urban headwater stream in the southern Appalachians. | Clinton, B.D., and J.M. Vose. 2006. Variation in stream water quality in an urban headwater stream in the southern Appalachians. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution. 169: 331-353. | Journal Article | We examined the influence of a forested landscape on the quality of water in a stream originating on an urban landscape and flowing through National Forest lands.
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| 2284 | Gragson, T.L., and P.V. Bolstad | 2006 | Land use legacies and the future of southern Appalachia. | Gragson, T.L., and P.V. Bolstad. 2006. Land use legacies and the future of southern Appalachia. Society and Natural Resources. 19: 175-190. | Journal Article | We review land use research of the Coweeta Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project that addresses the nature and extent of past and present human land use, how land use has affected the structure and function of terrestrial and aquatic communities, and the forces guiding the anticipated trajectory of change.
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| 2294 | Maier, C.A., and B.D. Clinton | 2006 | Relationship between stem CO2 efflux, stem sap velocity and xylem CO2 concentration in young loblolly pine trees. | Maier, C.A., and B.D. Clinton. 2006. Relationship between stem CO2 efflux, stem sap velocity and xylem CO2 concentration in young loblolly pine trees. Plant, Cell and Environment. 29: 1471-1483. | Journal Article | We measured diel patterns of stem surface CO2 efflux (Es, +mol m-2s-1), sap velocity (vs, mm s-1) and xylem CO2 concentration ([CO2]) (Xs, %) in 8-year-old loblolly pine trees during the spring to determine how vs and Xs influence Es.
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| 2296 | Cross, W.F., J.B. Wallace, A.D. Rosemond, and S.L. Eggert | 2006 | Whole-system nutrient enrichment increases secondary production in a detritus-based ecosystem. | Cross, W.F., J.B. Wallace, A.D. Rosemond, and S.L. Eggert. 2006. Whole-system nutrient enrichment increases secondary production in a detritus-based ecosystem. Ecology. 87(6): 1556-1565. | Journal Article | We experimentally enriched a detritus-based headwater stream for two years to examine the effects of nutrient-induced changes at the base of the food web on higher metazoan (predominantly invertebrate) consumers.
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| 2297 | Burcher, C.L., and E.F. Benfield | 2006 | Physical and biological responses of streams to suburbanization of historically agriculture watersheds. | Burcher, C.L., and E.F. Benfield. 2006. Physical and biological responses of streams to suburbanization of historically agriculture watersheds. Journal of the North American Benthological Society. 25(2): 356-369. | Journal Article | We investigated whether suburbanization influenced the physical and biological characteristics of ten 3rd-or 4th-order streams that drain historically agricultural watersheds in the southern Appalachians near Asheville, North Carolina.
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| 2299 | Hagen, E.M., J.R. Webster, and E.F. Benfield | 2006 | Are leaf breakdown rates a useful measure of stream integrity along an agricultural landuse gradient? | Hagen, E.M., J.R. Webster, and E.F. Benfield. 2006. Are leaf breakdown rates a useful measure of stream integrity along an agricultural landuse gradient? Journal of the North American Benthological Society. 25(2): 330-343. | Journal Article | Red maple (Acer rubrum L.) leaf breakdown rates were measured along a gradient of agricultural land use in southern Appalachian streams to assess the use of leaf breakdown rates as a measure of stream integrity.
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| 3001 | Coombs, S., and G.D. Grossman | 2006 | Mechanosensory based orienting behaviors in fluvial and lacustrine populations of mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdi). | Coombs, S., and G.D. Grossman. 2006. Mechanosensory based orienting behaviors in fluvial and lacustrine populations of mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdi). Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology. 39(2): 113-130. | Journal Article | We compared prey-orienting and rheotactic behaviors in a fluvial (Coweeta Creek) and lacustrine (Lake Michigan) population of mottled sculpin. Blinded sculpin from both populations exhibited unconditioned, mechanosensory based rheotaxis to low velocity flows.
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| 3002 | Grossman, G.D., R.E. Ratajczak Jr., J.T. Petty, M.D. Hunter, J.T. Peterson, and G. Grenouillet | 2006 | Population dynamics of mottled sculpin (pisces) in variable environment: information theoretic approaches. | Grossman, G.D., R.E. Ratajczak Jr., J.T. Petty, M.D. Hunter, J.T. Peterson, and G. Grenouillet. 2006. Population dynamics of mottled sculpin (pisces) in variable environment: information theoretic approaches. Ecological Monographs. 76(2): 217-234. | Journal Article | We used strong inference with Akaike¼s Information Criterion (AIC) to assess the processes capable of explaining long-term (1984v1995) variation in the per capita rate of change of mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdi) populations in the Coweeta Creek drainage (USA).
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| 3003 | Leigh, D.S., and P.A. Webb | 2006 | Holocene erosion, sedimentation, and stratigraphy at Raven Fork,Southern Blue Ridge Mountains, USA. | Leigh, D.S., and P.A. Webb. 2006. Holocene erosion, sedimentation, and stratigraphy at Raven Fork,Southern Blue Ridge Mountains, USA. Geomorphology. 78: 161-177. | Journal Article | Holocene colluvial and alluvial stratigraphy and a radiocarbon chronology are presented for the valley of the lower three kilometers of Raven Fork, a mountain stream draining 194 km2 of high relief (1.3 km) terrain of the Southern Blue Ridge Mountains in western North Carolina, USA, which is in a region that lacks good chronological data.
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| 3004 | Price, K., and D.S. Leigh | 2006 | Morphological and sedimentological responses of streams to human impact in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains, USA. | Price, K., and D.S. Leigh. 2006. Morphological and sedimentological responses of streams to human impact in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains, USA. Geomorphology. 78: 142-160. | Journal Article | This study addresses the influence of forest conversion on streams of the southern Blue Ridge Mountains, a region that has received little attention with respect to human impact on stream channels.
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| 3012 | Bolstad, P., A. Jenks, M. Riedel, and J.M. Vose | 2006 | Estimating sediment yield in the southern Appalachians using WCS-SED. | Bolstad, P., A. Jenks, M. Riedel, and J.M. Vose. 2006. Estimating sediment yield in the southern Appalachians using WCS-SED. In proceedings, Joint Federal Interagency Conference, 8th FISC & 3rd FIHMC: Interdisciplinary Solutions for Watershed Sustainability, 2-6 April 2006, Reno, NV. | Proceedings | We measured and modeled sediment yield over two months on five watersheds in the southern Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina.
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| 3013 | Riedel, M.S. | 2006 | North Atlantic oscillation influences on climate variability in the southern Appalachians. | Riedel, M.S. 2006. North Atlantic oscillation influences on climate variability in the southern Appalachians. In proceedings, Joint Federal Interagency Conference, 8th FISC & 3rd FIHMC: Interdisciplinary Solutions for Watershed Sustainability, 2-6 April 2006, Reno, NV. | Proceedings | We analyzed long-term climatologic records from Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory (1934 to present). There is strong annular and decadal cycling in temperatures and rainfall patterns.
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| 3014 | Scott, M.C. | 2006 | Winners and losers among stream fishes in relation to land use legacies and urban development in the southeastern US. | Scott, M.C. 2006. Winners and losers among stream fishes in relation to land use legacies and urban development in the southeastern US. Biological Conservation. 127: 301-309. | Journal Article | In the southern Appalachian highlands, much of the region has reforested following extensive logging and agriculture in the last century, but recently exurban development has surged. Patterns of aquatic ecosystem response to these changes were examined in 36 watersheds along a gradient of forest cover from moderately to heavily forested.
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| 3015 | Bolstad, P., A. Jenks, M. Riedel, J.M. Vose | 2006 | Estimating sediment yield in the southern Appalachians using WCS-SED. | Bolstad, P., A. Jenks, M. Riedel, J.M. Vose. 2006. Estimating sediment yield in the southern Appalachians using WCS-SED. In proceedings, Joint Federal Interagency Conference, 8th FISC & 3rd FIHMC: Interdisciplinary Solutions for Watershed Sustainability, 2-6 April 2006, Reno, NV. | Proceedings | We measured and modeled sediment yield over two months on five watersheds in the southern Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina. Mean sediment yield varied from 0.025 to 0.344 t/ha/yr and was strongly related to the proportion of non-forest area in the watershed.
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| 3016 | Daniels, L.D., S.M. Butler, P.P. Clinton, B. Ganesh, K.H. Hrinkevich, A.M. Kanoti, E. Keeling, S.R. Powell, and J.H. Speer | 2006 | Whitebark pine stand dynamics at Morrell Mountain, Montana. | Daniels, L.D., S.M. Butler, P.P. Clinton, B. Ganesh, K.H. Hrinkevich, A.M. Kanoti, E. Keeling, S.R. Powell, and J.H. Speer. 2006. Whitebark pine stand dynamics at Morrell Mountain, Montana. In Speer, J.H. (ed.), Experimental learning and exploratory research: the 13th annual North American dendroecological fieldweek (NADEF), Greenough, MT. Indiana State University Department of Geology and Anthropology. 23: 15-29. | Proceedings | We used dendroecological methods to assess disturbance history and population dynamics of whitebark pine and subalpine fir at Morrell Mountain, Lolo National Forest, Montana.
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| 3018 | Nagle, A.M. | 2006 | Comparison of soil CO2 efflux in deciduous and coniferous (white pine) watersheds in the Coweeta basin at different temporal and spatial scales. | Nagle, A.M. 2006. Comparison of soil CO2 efflux in deciduous and coniferous (white pine) watersheds in the Coweeta basin at different temporal and spatial scales, pp.100-111. In Carolina Environmental Program Highlands Field Site 2006 Internship Research Reports. Highlands Biological Station, Highlands, NC. | Other | In this study, we compare trends in soil CO2 efflux, soil temperature, and soil moisture at diurnal and annual temporal scales between paired watersheds differing in cover type (white pine monoculture vs. mixed hardwoods).
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| 3021 | Earl, S.R., H.M. Valett, and J.R. Webster | 2006 | Nitrogen saturation in stream ecosystems. | Earl, S.R., H.M. Valett, and J.R. Webster. 2006. Nitrogen saturation in stream ecosystems. Ecology. 87(12): 3140-3151. | Journal Article | Our conceptual model of N transport, uptake, and uptake efficiency suggests that, while streams may be active sites of N uptake on the landscape, N saturation contributes to nonlinear changes in stream N dynamics that correspond to decreased uptake efficiency.
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| 3022 | Tirpak, J.M., W.M. Giuliano, C.A. Miller, T.J. Allen, S. Bittner, D.A. Buehler, J.W. Edwards, C.A. Harper, W.K. Igo, G.W. Norman, M. Seamster, and D.F. Stauffer | 2006 | Ruffed grouse population dynamics in the central and southern Appalachians. | Tirpak, J.M., W.M. Giuliano, C.A. Miller, T.J. Allen, S. Bittner, D.A. Buehler, J.W. Edwards, C.A. Harper, W.K. Igo, G.W. Norman, M. Seamster, and D.F. Stauffer. 2006. Ruffed grouse population dynamics in the central and southern Appalachians. Biological Conservation. 133: 364-378. | Journal Article | Ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus; hereafter grouse) populations in the central and southern Appalachians are in decline. However, limited information on the dynamics of these . We used
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| 3032 | Grace, J.M. III, and B.D. Clinton | 2006 | Forest road management to protect soil and water. | Grace, J.M. III, and B.D. Clinton. 2006. Forest road management to protect soil and water, pp.1-13. In 2006 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting, 9-12 July 2006, Portland, OR. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, St. Joseph, MI. | Proceedings | Road management is an important component in preserving and maintaining healthy forest throughout the nation. Sediment export from the existing forest road network is an issue of great concern in forest management. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of issues involved in managing the nation¼s public forest roads for the protection of soil and water.
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| 3033 | Price, K., and D.S. Leigh | 2006 | Comparative water quality of lightly- and moderately-impacted streams in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains, USA. | Price, K., and D.S. Leigh. 2006. Comparative water quality of lightly- and moderately-impacted streams in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains, USA. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 120: 269-300. | Journal Article | For less-developed regions like the Blue Ridge Mountains, data are limited that link basin-scale land use with stream quality. Two pairs of lightly impacted (90-100% forested) and moderately impacted (70-80% forested) sub-basins of the upper Little Tennessee River Basin in the southern Blue Ridge were identified for comparison.
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| 3036 | Lei, T.T., E.T. Nilsen, and S.W. Semones | 2006 | Light environment under Rhododendron maximum thickets and estimated carbon gain of regenerating forest tree seedlings. | Lei, T.T., E.T. Nilsen, and S.W. Semones. 2006. Light environment under Rhododendron maximum thickets and estimated carbon gain of regenerating forest tree seedlings. Plant Ecology. 184: 143-156. | Journal Article | In the southern Appalachian mountains of the USA, thickets of Rhododendron maximum L. restrict dominant canopy tree seedling survival and persistence. Using R. maximum as a model system, we examined available light under the thickets and the photosynthetic responses of seedlings of canopy tree species.
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| 3039 | Swift, L. Jr. | 2006 | Runoff control and forestland access. | Swift, L. Jr. 2006. Chapter 5: Runoff control and forestland access, pp. 50-87. In North Carolina Forestry best management practices manual: To protect water quality. North Carolina Division of Forest Resources publication FM-08-01:50-87. | Other | Part 1 describes methods to control runoff, while Part 2 includes practices to capture sediment. These two topics are explained first because implementing these types of BMP tools are essential for properly built stream crossings, roads, skid trails and decks. Also note in this Chapter (and throughout this manual), that the term 'runoff' refers to surface runoff that flows atop the ground surface. This term shouldnot be confused with below-surface or groundwater flow. .
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| 3053 | Fraterrigo, J.M., M.G. Turner, and S.M. Pearson | 2006 | Interactions between past land use, life-history traits and understory spatial heterogeneity. | Fraterrigo, J.M., M.G. Turner, and S.M. Pearson. 2006. Interactions between past land use, life-history traits and understory spatial heterogeneity. In Landscape Ecology. 21: 777-790. | Journal Article | Past land use has contributed to variability in the distribution of herbaceous species by reducing plant abundance and altering species¼ chances of recolonizing suitable habitat. Land use may also influence plant heterogeneity by changing environmental conditions within stands. We compared the variability of understory herb abundance in southern Appalachian forests with different land-use histories to examine how past land use influenced plant heterogeneity.
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| 3055 | Riedel, M.S. | 2006 | Quantifying trail erosion and stream sedimentation with sediment tracers. | Riedel, M.S. 2006. Quantifying trail erosion and stream sedimentation with sediment tracers, pp.135-142. In Fowler, D.L. (ed.), Second interagency conference on research in the wetlands. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Otto, NC. | USDA FS Publication | The impacts of forest disturbance and roads on stream sedimentation have been rigorously investigated and documented. While historical research on turbidity and suspended sediments has been thorough, studies of streambed sedimentation have typically relied on semi-quantitative measures such as embeddedness or marginal pool depth. To directly quantify the impacts of a functioning off-highway vehicle (OHV) trail on stream sedimentation, we employed a marked-recapture sediment tracer approach that allowed us to directly measure the movement of sand eroded fro the trail and transported through the stream.
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| 3056 | Riedel, M.S. | 2006 | Quantifying trail erosion and stream sedimentation with sediment tracers. | Riedel, M.S. 2006. Quantifying trail erosion and stream sedimentation with sediment tracers, pp.143-149. In Fowler, D.L. (ed.), Second interagency conference on research in the wetlands. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Otto, NC. | USDA FS Publication | Despite a wealth of research, scientists still disagree about the existence, magnitude, duration, and potential causes of global warming and climate change.
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| 3058 | Elliot, K.J., and J.M. Vose | 2006 | Fire effects on water quality: a synthesis of response regulating factors among contrasting ecosystems. | Elliot, K.J., and J.M. Vose. 2006. Fire effects on water quality: a synthesis of response regulating factors among contrasting ecosystems, pp.77-87. In Fowler, D.L. (ed.), Second interagency conference on research in the wetlands. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Otto, NC. | USDA FS Publication | The key components of watershed processes are inputs in precipitation, interactions of vegetation, soil, and water including evapotranspiration (water yield), overland flow (erosion), and storage and filtering (nutrients), and outputs in streamflow. Fire effects occur at the vegetation-soil interface and can result in altering overland flow and infiltration rate of water. Fire can affect infiltration rates by collapsing soil structure and reducing soil porosity, contributing ash and charcoal residues that can clog soil pores, and raindrop splash can compact soil and further contribute to loss of soil porosity.
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| 3059 | Ford, C.R., and J.M. Vose | 2006 | Eastern hemlock transpiration: patterns, controls, and implications for its decline in southern Appalachian forests. | Ford, C.R., and J.M. Vose. 2006. Eastern hemlock transpiration: patterns, controls, and implications for its decline in southern Appalachian forests, pp. 181-187. In Fowler, D.L. (ed.), Second interagency conference on research in the wetlands. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Otto, NC. | USDA FS Publication | Eastern hemlock, a principal riparian and cove canopy species in the southern Appalachian Mountains, is facing potential widespread mortality due to the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA). To estimate the impact that the loss of this species will have on forest transpiration (Et) we quantified whole-tree (Ec) and leaf-level (El) transpiration over a range of tree sizes (9.5 v 67.5 cm or 3.7 -26.6 in) during 2004 and 2005.
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| 3064 | Jones, B.C., and C.A. Harper | 2006 | Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus) use of stands harvested via alternative regeneration methods in the southern Appalachians. | Jones, B.C., and C.A. Harper. 2006. Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus) use of stands harvested via alternative regeneration methods in the southern Appalachians. In Proceedings, 15th central hardwood forest conference, Knoxville, TN. General Technical Report SRS-101. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Asheville, NC. | Proceedings | Ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus L.) habitat use was studied in the mountains of western North Carolina.
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| 3077 | Henning, J.G., and P.J. Radtke | 2006 | Ground-based Laser Imaging for Assessing Three-dimensional Forest Canopy Structure. | Henning, J.G., and P.J. Radtke. 2006. Ground-based Laser Imaging for Assessing Three-dimensional Forest Canopy Structure. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing: 1349-58. | Journal Article | Improved understanding of the role of forests in carbon, nutrient, and water cycling can be facilitated with improved assessments of canopy structue, better linking leaf-level processes to canopy structure and forest growth.
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| 3079 | Ford, W.M., T.S. McCay, M.A. Menzel, W.D. Webster, C.H. Greenberg, J.F. Pagels, and J.F. Merritt | 2006 | Influence of elevation and forest type on community assemblage and species distribution of shrews in the central and southern Appalachian Mountains. | Ford, W.M., T.S. McCay, M.A. Menzel, W.D. Webster, C.H. Greenberg, J.F. Pagels, and J.F. Merritt. 2006. Influence of elevation and forest type on community assemblage and species distribution of shrews in the central and southern Appalachian Mountains. In: Merritt, J.F., S. Churchfield, R. Hutterner, and B.I. Sheftel (eds.), Advances in the biology of shrews II. International Society of Shrew Biologist. Pittsburgh, PA: Powdermill Biological Station of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History. 303-315. | Book Chapter | The objectives of our research were to describe regional species distributions and to identify macro-environmental factors important to shrews at both the community and individual species scales. Our study documented the presence of nine species with a low of three in the southern Ridge and Valley section to a high of eight in the Blue Ridge section where the Appalachian.
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